The question of whether a transaction should count as an exchange or a contribution—and whether a contribution is conditional or unconditional—is one that has long challenged not-for-profit accountants, with no real consensus as to the proper treatment. A new proposed accounting standards update, issued on Aug. 3 by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), aims to end this ambiguity by providing a consistent methodology. While it’s relevant mainly for nonprofits, if approved, it would apply to every entity that receives or makes contributions of cash and other assets.